There are 3 tx modalities for the treatment of ESRD. Which trio is correct?

There are 3 tx modalities for the treatment of ESRD. Which trio is correct?

• A. Hemodialysis; Peritoneal dialysis; Transplantation
• B. Hemodialysis; Peritoneal dialysis; Medication
• C. Peritoneal dialysis; Diet; Exercise
• D. Transplantation; Medication; Surgery

Answer: (A)

End-stage renal disease requires replacing kidney function or replacing the kidney itself. The three true treatment modalities are hemodialysis, which uses a machine to filter wastes from the blood; peritoneal dialysis, which uses the body's peritoneal membrane as the filter; and kidney transplantation, which provides a functioning donor kidney to restore filtration. Medications, diet, and exercise help manage complications and support kidney disease but do not replace kidney function in ESRD. Surgery or other non-replacement approaches may be part of care, but the established trio of ESRD treatments remains dialysis (HD or PD) and transplantation.

End-stage renal disease requires replacing kidney function or replacing the kidney itself. The three true treatment modalities are hemodialysis, which uses a machine to filter wastes from the blood; peritoneal dialysis, which uses the body's peritoneal membrane as the filter; and kidney transplantation, which provides a functioning donor kidney to restore filtration. Medications, diet, and exercise help manage complications and support kidney disease but do not replace kidney function in ESRD. Surgery or other non-replacement approaches may be part of care, but the established trio of ESRD treatments remains dialysis (HD or PD) and transplantation.